Research reference only. BioConst updates and corrects content over time, but it cannot replace clinician-guided diagnosis, treatment, medication, or testing decisions.
Variables
Medical Wiki
Reusable medical variables for BioConst condition pages. These entries explain terms and judgment background; they do not interpret personal results.
New entries
Recently added variables from the BioConst wiki registry.
Bone size and body size adjustmentBone size and body size adjustmentA context node for how body size, height, and bone size can shape areal BMD interpretation, especially in pediatric use.Scanner reference databaseScanner reference databaseA measurement-context node for the reference population and device/software assumptions behind T-score and Z-score.Growth and pubertyGrowth and puberty contextA pediatric bone interpretation node for growth, maturation, and pubertal timing around Z-score and fracture history.Secondary osteoporosisSecondary osteoporosis contextA context node for bone loss or fracture risk influenced by another disease, medication exposure, or systemic condition.Bone qualityBone qualityA context node for bone strength features that are not fully captured by BMD alone.Tumor markerTumor marker contextA broad category for markers that may be used in cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment monitoring, or recurrence follow-up depending on marker and setting.PapPap smearA cervical cell screening test connected to HPV context and cervical cancer prevention pathways.HPVHPV testA viral-risk screening-context test connected to cervical cancer prevention pathways.FITFIT / fecal occult bloodStool blood testing context used in colorectal screening pathways, not a standalone cancer answer.PSAProstate-specific antigenA prostate-related blood marker used in screening and follow-up contexts, with non-cancer causes and strong interpretation limits.Cardiac stressCardiac stress testA dynamic heart-function test family that asks how blood flow and electrical signals behave under stress.CACCoronary calcium contextAn imaging-derived atherosclerosis context marker, not the same as blood calcium.
Blood variables
Blood-flow blockageBlood-flow blockageBlocked circulation caused by clots or misshaped cells in selected contexts.Bone marrow productionBone marrow productionBlood-cell production inside marrow, where red cells, white cells, and platelets develop.Coagulation balanceCoagulation balanceThe balance between stopping bleeding and avoiding unwanted clots.Clotting factorsClotting factorsBlood proteins that work with platelets to form clots.CBCComplete blood count (CBC)A grouped blood test measuring red cells, white cells, platelets, hemoglobin, hematocrit, and red-cell size.D-dimerD-dimerA blood test used in clinical context to check whether a blood clot may be present.FerritinFerritinA protein that stores iron and is measured to estimate iron stores.HctHematocritThe proportion of whole blood made up of red blood cells.HbHemoglobinThe iron-rich protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen.TIBCIron testsA group of blood tests used to frame iron level and iron-storage context.MCVMCVMean corpuscular volume, the average size of red blood cells.PLTPlatelet countThe number of platelets, small blood cells that help clotting.INRPT / INRA clotting-time test and standardized ratio used to compare clotting results.RBCRed blood cell countThe number of red blood cells measured in a CBC.Red blood cell shapeRed blood cell shapeThe flexibility and shape of red cells, central to sickle-cell blood-flow problems.WBCWhite blood cell countThe CBC measure of white cells, which fight infections and other diseases.
Body composition and function variables
BMIBody mass indexA derived height-weight index used for population and clinical context, not a complete body-composition measure.Body-weight trendBody-weight trendWeight change over time, a broad state signal connected to fluid, nutrition, endocrine, metabolic, and disease context.Fall risk / gait and balanceFall risk / gait and balance contextA functional parameter family connecting muscle, vision, vestibular, nervous system, medication, bone, and environment context.Waist circumferenceWaist circumferenceA body-size measure that better reflects abdominal fat distribution than weight alone.
Bone variables
25-hydroxyvitamin D25-hydroxyvitamin DThe vitamin D blood test most often used to assess vitamin D status.ALPAlkaline phosphataseAn enzyme signal that can come from bone, liver, bile ducts, or other tissues.BMDBMDBone mineral density: a measurement result, not a standalone diagnosis.Bone qualityBone qualityA context node for bone strength features that are not fully captured by BMD alone.Bone scanBone scanA nuclear medicine imaging test used in selected bone disease and metastasis contexts.Bone size and body size adjustmentBone size and body size adjustmentA context node for how body size, height, and bone size can shape areal BMD interpretation, especially in pediatric use.CRPCRPAn inflammation marker that can support infection/inflammation context but cannot identify the cause alone.CTXCTXA bone resorption marker that is timing-sensitive and context-sensitive.CultureCultureA microbiology clue used to identify organisms in infection contexts.DXADXA / DEXAA low-dose X-ray method used to estimate bone mineral density, usually at the hip and spine.eGFReGFR / kidney functionKidney function context that can change phosphate, calcium, PTH, vitamin D, and bone turnover meaning.ESRESRA nonspecific inflammation marker sometimes used with CRP and other clues.Fracture and fall historyFracture and fall historyPast low-trauma fractures and falls often matter more than any single scan number.FRAXFRAXA fracture-risk model clinicians may use; BioConst references the concept but does not embed a calculator.Growth and pubertyGrowth and puberty contextA pediatric bone interpretation node for growth, maturation, and pubertal timing around Z-score and fracture history.MRIMRIAn imaging method that can show marrow, soft tissue, early osteonecrosis, infection, or occult fracture context.P1NPP1NPA bone formation marker used as context, not as a standalone diagnosis.PPhosphateA blood electrolyte tied to bone mineral, kidney function, PTH, and vitamin D context.PTHPTHParathyroid hormone: a calcium-phosphate control signal that must be read with calcium and kidney context.Scanner reference databaseScanner reference databaseA measurement-context node for the reference population and device/software assumptions behind T-score and Z-score.Secondary osteoporosisSecondary osteoporosis contextA context node for bone loss or fracture risk influenced by another disease, medication exposure, or systemic condition.CaSerum calciumBlood calcium is tightly regulated and does not directly tell how much calcium is in bone.T-scoreT-scoreA comparison between measured BMD and a young-adult reference database, mainly used in older adult contexts.VFAVertebral fracture assessmentA low-dose lateral spine image often performed on a DXA system to look for vertebral compression fractures.X-rayX-rayA basic imaging method for bone shape, fractures, sclerosis, lytic change, and deformity context.Z-scoreZ-scoreA comparison between measured BMD and an age-matched reference group.
Brain variables
ADLActivities of daily livingEveryday function is the practical boundary between ordinary forgetfulness, MCI, and dementia-level impairment.p-tau217Alzheimer biomarkersAmyloid, tau, neurodegeneration, imaging, CSF, and blood markers used to frame Alzheimer diagnosis, staging, and risk.Beta-amyloidBeta-amyloidA protein fragment that can accumulate as plaques in Alzheimer disease and is targeted by some approved antibodies.ARIAARIAAmyloid-related imaging abnormalities, including edema or bleeding findings that can occur with anti-amyloid treatment.KisunlaAnti-amyloid antibodiesA drug class targeting amyloid beta in certain early Alzheimer disease contexts.Brain atrophyBrain atrophyLoss of brain volume that can become widespread in later Alzheimer disease as neurons die and networks fail.Cognitive testingCognitive testingStructured tests of memory, thinking, language, judgment, and other brain functions.Depression, delirium, and medicationDepression, delirium, and medication contextMood, acute confusion, medicines, and medicine interactions can change memory and thinking, especially in older adults.Episodic memoryEpisodic memoryMemory for personal events and experiences, often the type people mean when they say they are becoming forgetful.Hearing and vision inputHearing and vision inputSensory loss can affect brain health and daily cognition because less reliable input changes how people function and remember.Hippocampus / entorhinal memory networkHippocampus / entorhinal memory networkA memory-related brain network central to forming new memories and often affected early in Alzheimer disease.MCIMCIA clinical category for memory or thinking problems beyond peers, with daily independence mostly preserved.Sleep and memorySleep and memorySleep supports brain function, and NIA lists seven to nine hours as a general older-adult brain-health target.SV2A PET / synaptic density imagingSV2A PET / synaptic density imagingA research-facing imaging approach that estimates synaptic density in living brains by targeting SV2A.Synapse lossSynapse lossLoss or degeneration of neuronal connections; in Alzheimer disease it sits close to cognitive decline.LTPSynaptic plasticityThe ability of neuronal connections to change strength with experience; a core mechanism discussed in memory biology.TauTauA microtubule-related protein that can form neurofibrillary tangles in Alzheimer disease.Vascular risk and brain healthVascular risk and brain healthBlood pressure, diabetes, cholesterol, stroke, and vascular disease can affect cognitive health and dementia risk.
Cancer-screening context variables
FITFIT / fecal occult bloodStool blood testing context used in colorectal screening pathways, not a standalone cancer answer.HPVHPV testA viral-risk screening-context test connected to cervical cancer prevention pathways.PapPap smearA cervical cell screening test connected to HPV context and cervical cancer prevention pathways.PSAProstate-specific antigenA prostate-related blood marker used in screening and follow-up contexts, with non-cancer causes and strong interpretation limits.Tumor markerTumor marker contextA broad category for markers that may be used in cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment monitoring, or recurrence follow-up depending on marker and setting.
Endocrine variables
CortisolCortisolA stress-axis hormone connected to glucose, blood pressure, immune tone, sleep timing, and adrenal-pituitary context.E2Estradiol / estrogen contextAn estrogen-family hormone context connected to reproductive stage, bone, vascular, and pituitary-gonadal signaling.FT4Free T4A thyroid hormone measure used with TSH to describe thyroid-axis state.FSHFSH / LH axisPituitary-gonadal signaling markers that help place reproductive hormones in feedback context.IGF-1IGF-1A growth-hormone-axis marker connected to growth, pituitary context, nutrition, liver biology, and age.PRLProlactinA pituitary hormone marker connected to lactation, reproductive-axis context, medications, and pituitary signaling.TestosteroneTestosteroneA sex-hormone marker connected to reproductive, muscle, bone, blood, metabolic, and pituitary-gonadal context.TRAbThyroid antibodiesImmune markers that can connect thyroid-axis changes to autoimmune context.Thyroid function testsThyroid function testsA hormone-test family that links thyroid regulation to energy, heart rate, temperature, weight, and mood context.TSHTSHA pituitary signal used in thyroid-axis interpretation.
Heart variables
Arterial compliance / stiffnessArterial compliance / stiffnessHow much arterial walls stretch when pressure and volume change.Atherosclerotic plaqueAtherosclerotic plaqueCholesterol-rich buildup that can narrow arteries and reduce blood flow.BPBlood pressureThe force of blood against artery walls as the heart pumps.BNPBNP / NT-proBNPNatriuretic peptide blood tests used in heart-failure diagnostic context.Cardiac afterloadCardiac afterloadThe pressure or outlet load the ventricle must overcome to eject blood.CICardiac indexCardiac output normalized to body surface area.COCardiac outputThe amount of blood the heart pumps into circulation each minute.Cardiac preloadCardiac preloadHow much the ventricle is filled and stretched before it contracts.Cardiac stressCardiac stress testA dynamic heart-function test family that asks how blood flow and electrical signals behave under stress.Coronary blood flowCoronary blood flowOxygen-rich blood supply to the heart muscle through coronary arteries.CACCoronary calcium contextAn imaging-derived atherosclerosis context marker, not the same as blood calcium.EKGECG / EKGA quick test that records the heart’s electrical activity.EchocardiographyEchocardiographyUltrasound-based heart imaging for chamber size, pump function, valves, and blood flow.EFEjection fractionA pump-function measure often discussed in heart failure and cardiomyopathy context.Heart murmurHeart murmurAn abnormal heart sound that can point toward valve or flow context but is not a diagnosis alone.Heart rate and rhythmHeart rate and rhythmHow fast the heart beats and whether the beat timing is regular.Heart valve flowHeart valve flowHow heart valves open, close, narrow, or leak to direct blood through the heart.LDLLDL cholesterolA lipid-panel value tied to artery plaque and coronary disease risk context.Myocardial contractilityMyocardial contractilityHow strongly cardiac muscle contracts for a given filling state.Stroke-riskStroke-risk contextThe clot-and-embolism context that makes some rhythm disorders clinically important.SVStroke volumeThe amount of blood ejected by the ventricle with each heartbeat.SVRSystemic vascular resistanceThe outlet resistance blood meets as it flows through systemic vessels.TroponinTroponinA heart-muscle protein measured in blood when heart muscle damage is suspected.Vascular loadVascular loadThe pressure and vessel-resistance context that makes the heart work harder over time.Vascular tone / vasodilationVascular tone / vasodilationThe constricted or relaxed state of blood vessels that changes resistance and flow.Venous returnVenous returnThe flow of blood returning from the veins back to the heart.
Immune and inflammation variables
ALCAbsolute lymphocyte countA lymphocyte-count measure tied to viral context, immune reserve, medications, marrow context, and chronic disease background.ANCAbsolute neutrophil countA neutrophil-count measure tied to bacterial-infection context, marrow reserve, chemotherapy context, and immune safety boundaries.ANAANAAn autoimmune screening-context marker that can point toward connective-tissue immune patterns but is not diagnostic alone.C3Complement C3 / C4Complement-system protein markers connected to immune-complex, inflammation, infection-defense, and kidney context.IgGImmunoglobulinsAntibody-protein measurements connected to infection susceptibility, immune activation, plasma-cell context, and protein patterns.PCTProcalcitoninAn infection-context marker sometimes used in bacterial infection and sepsis evaluation, with strict clinical-boundary limits.RFRheumatoid factorAn antibody marker used in rheumatoid-arthritis and autoimmune context, but not specific by itself.White blood cell differentialWhite blood cell differentialA breakdown of white blood cell types, useful for separating infection, inflammation, allergy, marrow, and medication context.
Kidney variables
AKIAcute kidney injury contextSudden kidney-function change where timing, cause, medicines, fluid status, and obstruction matter.AlbuminuriaAlbuminuriaAlbumin in urine, a signal that kidney filtering barriers may be damaged.BUNBlood urea nitrogen (BUN)A blood test related to urea waste handling and kidney or fluid-balance context.Cystatin CCystatin CA kidney-filtration marker that can complement creatinine-based kidney-function estimates in selected contexts.Diabetes kidney-riskDiabetes kidney-risk contextDiabetes-related kidney blood-vessel and filtering-barrier risk context.Dialysis and transplantDialysis and transplant contextKidney replacement therapy context when kidney function is no longer enough for body needs.Kidney electrolyte balanceKidney electrolyte balanceKidney-related control of salts and blood chemistry such as sodium, potassium, bicarbonate, and chloride.eGFREstimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR)A calculation used to estimate how well kidneys filter waste from blood.Kidney fluid balanceKidney fluid balanceKidney control of extra water and urine output in body-fluid context.Glomerular filtration barrierGlomerular filtration barrierThe kidney filtering barrier that normally limits protein leakage into urine.Kidney imaging and urine flowKidney imaging and urine flowImaging context for stones, obstruction, kidney size, or urine-flow complications.Kidney-stone crystalKidney-stone crystal contextMineral and salt deposits that can form stones in the kidney or urinary tract.Serum creatinineSerum creatinineA muscle-waste product measured in blood and used to estimate kidney filtration.UAUrinalysisA urine-test family that can show kidney, urinary tract, hydration, glucose, ketone, protein, and infection context.Urinary obstructionUrinary obstructionBlocked urine flow that can increase pressure upstream and affect kidney context.UACRUrine albumin-to-creatinine ratio (UACR)A urine ratio used to estimate albumin leakage from blood into urine.Urine concentration / osmolalityUrine concentration / osmolalityA urine water-handling context marker connected to kidney concentrating ability, hydration, sodium, and endocrine regulation.
Liver variables
ALTAlanine aminotransferase (ALT)A liver enzyme often used in liver-panel context for liver-cell injury.ALBAlbumin blood levelA liver-made blood protein that also enters kidney and nutrition context.Alkaline phosphatase in liverAlkaline phosphatase in liver contextA liver-panel signal that can enter bile-flow or liver-duct context.ASTAspartate aminotransferase (AST)A liver-panel enzyme that can enter liver-cell injury context but is not liver-specific by itself.Bile flow and cholestasisBile flow and cholestasisContext where bile flow is reduced or blocked, affecting bilirubin and liver-panel interpretation.BilirubinBilirubinA pigment from red blood cell breakdown that enters liver and bile-flow interpretation.GGTGamma-glutamyl transferaseA liver and bile-duct enzyme marker often used with ALP and other liver tests for cholestasis context.Hepatic steatosisHepatic steatosisFat accumulation in the liver, interpreted with metabolic and fibrosis context.Hepatitis virusHepatitis virus contextViral causes of liver inflammation, including hepatitis A, B, C, D, and E context.Liver fibrosisLiver fibrosisScar-tissue buildup after liver injury, with cirrhosis representing advanced scarring.Liver imaging and structureLiver imaging and structureUltrasound, CT, MRI, elastography, or other imaging context for fat, nodules, scarring, or masses.FibroScanLiver stiffness and elastographyElastography context used to estimate liver stiffness and advanced fibrosis possibility.Liver synthetic functionLiver synthetic functionThe liver’s ability to make proteins and clotting-related factors, often inferred from albumin and PT/INR context.
Lung variables
Airflow obstructionAirflow obstructionReduced ability to move air out of the lungs, especially in obstructive airway disease context.Airway inflammationAirway inflammationInflammation in airways that can narrow breathing passages and affect airflow.Alveoli / air sacsAlveoli / air sacsTiny air sacs where oxygen moves from lungs into blood.ABGArterial blood gas (ABG)A blood test that measures oxygen, carbon dioxide, and acid-base context.Chest imaging in lungChest imaging in lung contextX-ray, CT, or other imaging context for infection, scarring, blood-flow, or structural lung questions.FEV1/FVCFEV1/FVC contextA spirometry pattern used in airflow obstruction discussions.Lung gas exchangeLung gas exchangeMovement of oxygen into blood and carbon dioxide out through the lungs.DLCOLung diffusion capacityA lung function signal for how well oxygen moves from air into blood.Lung infectionLung infection contextInfectious causes and inflammatory response in the lung, including pneumonia context.SpO2Oxygen saturationAn estimate of how much oxygen is carried in the blood, often measured by pulse oximetry.Pulmonary blood flowPulmonary blood flowBlood flow through the lungs, important when clots or vascular blockage change oxygen context.Pulmonary fibrosis scarPulmonary fibrosis scarThick, stiff, or scarred lung tissue that can make breathing and oxygen transfer harder.Sleep breathing interruptionSleep breathing interruptionRepeated pauses or shallow breathing during sleep that can change oxygen and cardiovascular context.SpirometrySpirometryA lung function test that measures how much and how fast air can be blown out.
Metabolism variables
ApoBApolipoprotein BA protein marker tied to the number of atherogenic lipoprotein particles rather than only their cholesterol mass.BMPBasic metabolic panelA lab panel that bundles glucose, calcium, electrolytes, and kidney-function signals.Blood glucoseBlood glucoseGlucose in blood, a central metabolism signal connected to insulin, HbA1c, kidney risk, vascular risk, and acute illness context.CMPComprehensive metabolic panelA broader chemistry panel that combines BMP-like markers with liver and protein context.Fasting insulinFasting insulinInsulin measured in a fasting context, often discussed when separating glucose level from insulin demand.HDLHDL cholesterolA cholesterol fraction used within lipid-panel context, often discussed separately from LDL cholesterol.HbA1cHemoglobin A1cA blood marker that reflects longer-run glucose exposure rather than a single glucose moment.KetonesKetonesEnergy-substrate markers that can rise when fat is used for fuel, with important diabetes and illness context.Lipid panelLipid panelA blood-fat panel that organizes cholesterol and triglyceride context for vascular risk discussions.LPaLipoprotein(a)An inherited lipid-related particle marker that can add cardiovascular risk context beyond a standard lipid panel.non-HDL-CNon-HDL cholesterolA derived lipid measure that collects cholesterol carried outside HDL particles.OGTTOral glucose tolerance testA timed glucose-response test that shows how blood glucose changes after a glucose load.TGTriglyceridesA blood-fat measure tied to energy storage, diet timing, metabolic context, and lipid-panel interpretation.Uric acidUric acidA purine-breakdown marker connected to gout context, kidney handling, stones, metabolism, and medication context.
Nutrition and electrolyte variables
CO2Bicarbonate / CO2A metabolic-panel acid-base signal connected to kidney, lung, metabolism, and electrolyte context.ClChlorideA major electrolyte tied to fluid balance, acid-base context, kidney handling, and metabolic-panel interpretation.MgMagnesiumAn electrolyte and mineral marker connected to muscle, nerve, heart rhythm, kidney handling, and nutrition context.OsmolalityOsmolalityA fluid-concentration measure connecting sodium, glucose, kidney water handling, hydration context, and toxin or medication context.KPotassiumA major electrolyte linked to kidney handling, muscle and heart electrical context, acid-base balance, and medication effects.NaSodiumA major electrolyte tied to water balance, kidney handling, neurological context, and metabolic-panel interpretation.Total proteinTotal proteinA chemistry-panel measure connected to albumin, globulins, liver synthesis, kidney loss, inflammation, and nutrition context.B12Vitamin B12 / folateB-vitamin context connected to red blood cell production, nerve function, nutrition, gut absorption, and medication context.
Vital-sign variables
Body temperatureBody temperatureA vital sign that reflects thermoregulation, infection, inflammation, medication, and environment context.Circulating blood volumeCirculating blood volumeThe amount of blood volume available in circulation.MAPMean arterial pressureA derived blood-pressure concept used to describe average arterial pressure across a cardiac cycle.Orthostatic vital signsOrthostatic vital signsVital-sign changes across posture that can connect circulation, hydration, medications, autonomic context, and fall risk.Respiratory rateRespiratory rateBreaths per minute, a vital sign tied to oxygenation, acid-base balance, fever, pain, anxiety, and lung or heart context.